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What sign is indicative of hypocalcemia?
Constipation
Chvostek's sign
Polyuria
Lethargy
The correct answer is: Chvostek's sign
Chvostek's sign is a clinical indicator of hypocalcemia, which refers to a low level of calcium in the blood. This sign is observed by tapping on the facial nerve near the ears and observing twitching of the facial muscles on the same side. The presence of Chvostek's sign suggests neuromuscular excitability associated with reduced calcium levels, highlighting the role of calcium in muscle function and nerve transmission. When calcium levels are insufficient, the increased excitability of the nerves can lead to muscle spasms or contractions, which manifests in this sign. Other choices do not directly indicate hypocalcemia. While constipation can be related to a variety of metabolic disturbances, it is more typically associated with hypercalcemia. Polyuria, or increased urination, is usually linked to conditions affecting the kidneys or diabetes and does not specifically relate to calcium levels. Lethargy can occur in various conditions, but it isn't specific to hypocalcemia, as it can also be seen in metabolic dysfunctions or dehydration. Thus, Chvostek's sign stands out as a distinct indicator of hypocalcemia.